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Ankle instability is a condition in which the ankle joint is unable to maintain its stability during weight-bearing activities, such as walking, running, or jumping. It is typically caused by damage to the ligaments or other structures that support the ankle joint, such as the tendons, muscles, or bones.
Causes of ankle instability
Ankle instability can be classified into two types: acute and chronic. Acute ankle instability usually occurs because of a sudden injury, such as an ankle sprain, and can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty bearing weight on the affected ankle. Chronic ankle instability, on the other hand, typically develops over time as a result of repeated ankle sprains or other injuries that damage the ankle ligaments and weaken the ankle joint.
Symptoms of ankle instability
Symptoms of ankle instability may include:
Frequent ankle sprains or “giving way” of the ankle
Pain or discomfort in the ankle, especially during weight-bearing activities
Swelling or stiffness in the ankle joint
Instability or feeling of looseness in the ankle joint
Weakness or decreased range of motion in the ankle joint
Diagnosing ankle instability
Ankle instability is typically diagnosed through a physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests. During the physical exam, Dr Singh will evaluate the ankle joint for signs of instability, including tenderness, swelling, and decreased range of motion. He may also perform a series of tests to assess the stability of the ankle joint, such as the anterior drawer test, which involves pulling the heel forward while stabilising the ankle, to see if there is excess movement or “looseness” in the joint.
In addition to the physical exam, Dr Singh will ask about your medical history, including any previous ankle injuries, as well as your current symptoms and activity level. Imaging tests, such as X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans, may also be ordered to help evaluate the severity of the condition and rule out other underlying causes of ankle pain or instability, such as a fracture or a torn ligament.
Treatment for ankle instability
Treatment for ankle instability typically involves a combination of non-surgical and surgical approaches. Non-surgical treatments may include physical therapy, bracing or taping, and modifications to footwear or activity level to reduce stress on the ankle joint. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair or reconstruct damaged ligaments or other structures in the ankle joint. These will all be discussed with you during your consultation with Dr Singh.
