A bunion, medically known as hallux valgus, is a bony bump that forms on the base of the big toe, causing it to bend toward the other toes. This condition is usually accompanied by a deformity of the first metatarsal bone, the long bone that connects the big toe to the foot, and can cause pain, swelling, and redness around the affected joint.
Bunions can be a painful and uncomfortable condition that can affect the quality of life for some individuals. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent the condition from worsening and to reduce the risk of complications.
Causes of bunions
Bunions can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, improper footwear, and structural problems with the foot. Some people may be more prone to developing bunions due to their family history or the shape of their feet. Wearing tight, narrow or high-heeled shoes can also increase the risk of developing bunions by placing extra pressure on the toes and forefoot.
Symptoms bunions
The symptoms of bunions can vary depending on the severity of the condition, but may include:
A visible bony bump on the base of the big toe
Pain or tenderness around the affected joint
Redness, swelling or inflammation around the joint
Stiffness or limited mobility in the big toe
Corns or calluses on the affected toe or surrounding skin
A drifting of the big toe towards the other toes, leading to crowding or overlapping
Diagnosing bunions
Bunions can be diagnosed through a physical examination by Dr Singh, who will evaluate the size and shape of the bony bump, the degree of your joint flexibility, and any associated symptoms.
Treatment for bunions
Treatment for bunions may include non-surgical and surgical options.
The non-surgical treatments include:
- Wearing comfortable shoes with a wide toe box and low heels
- Padding the bunion with a protective cushion or orthotic device
- Applying ice or heat therapy to reduce pain and inflammation
- Taking over-the-counter pain medications to relieve discomfort
- Physiotherapy exercises to improve joint mobility and flexibility
Surgical treatments may be recommended in more severe cases or when conservative treatments have failed to provide relief. Typically, bunion surgery involves removing the bony bump and realigning the affected joint to improve its function and appearance. The type of surgery will depend on the severity of the condition and your overall health. This will all be discussed with you during your consultation with Dr Singh.
